To raise low birth rates, we must help mothers

<2> To Raise Low Birth Rates, We Must Help Mothers

Low birth rates have become a pressing concern for many countries around the world, with some experiencing a decline in fertility rates to historic lows. While there are various factors contributing to this trend, one key issue that must be addressed is the child penalty in the labour market.

<3> The Child Penalty in the Labour Market

The child penalty refers to the significant impact that having children can have on a person’s career and earning potential. This can manifest in various ways, including reduced working hours, lower pay, and limited career advancement opportunities. As a result, many mothers feel forced to choose between their careers and their families, leading to a decline in fertility rates.

<4> The Impact of the Child Penalty on Fertility Rates

Research has shown that the child penalty can have a significant impact on fertility rates. A study by Bloomberg found that countries with more generous parental leave policies and flexible work arrangements tend to have higher fertility rates. This suggests that by easing the child penalty in the labour market, governments can encourage more people to have children.

<3> Easing the